The nature and roles of state institutions 

Senegal is a secular, democratic, social republic and its political system is a presidential system. The institutions of the State as provided for in the Constitution are as follows:

President of the Republic: It is the main engine and main axis of the state institutions as he is the one who draws the political plan of the country and is appointed to all civil and military functions and he is the approval of the laws passed by the parliament to become valid, and is entitled to dismiss the prime minister and appointed another one, and also has the right to dissolve parliament and call for presidential and legislative elections

The National Assembly (Parliament): consists of 150 deputies. Its role is to consider and adopt international conventions, treaties and legal projects submitted by the executive authority (the president or the government). It also deals with the adoption of the State budget and monitoring of government work by direct inquiries to the ministries or to open a parliamentary inquiry if necessary.

Government: The role of the government is to implement and reflect the president's instructions on the ground.

Economic, Social and Environmental Council: This Council plays an advisory role for the President to address social, economic and environmental problems.

The Supreme Council of Local Institutions: A new institution established after the adoption of the new constitution in 2016.

The Constitutional Council, the Supreme Court and the Courts: represents the judiciary, which is independent of the executive branch and the legislature, and is concerned with the consideration and determination of disputes that might arise between institutions or between individuals and institutions.